buy custom Multimedia in Science Mathematics Education essay

buy custom Multimedia in Science Mathematics Education essay What is Multimedia? Multimedia generally refers to a computer-based interactive process of communication. The use of multimedia in education provides not only variety but also dynamism and easy establishment of rapport through collaboration. But most importantly, multimedia use is non-linear, that is, allows for the use of different multimedia tools and other forms of communication such as sounds, texts, animation, graphics, pictures and video. This is the integrative aspect of multimedia. This facilitates the incorporation of selected topics and visual illustrations in different formats like charts and animations using multimedia tools. The Best Multimedia and Technology Use in Classrooms A lot of students still find difficulty in learning math and science. The decline in the numbers of college graduates in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) disciplines in the US, for instance, is partly attributed to the weak performance of the US children in international assessment of science and math (Thiel et al, 2008). While personal aptitude can be part of the problem, it is also due to insufficient or poor teaching-learning environment. One solution to this is the use of interactive and effective multimedia software. As education evolves, a number of researches have been carried out, linking the human cognitive process with the use of multimedia in order to improve performance in these subjects. It is considered very important that individual learning traits be taken into consideration if every student is to be helped acquire knowledge. Unfortunately, due to big classrooms, high number of students, limited teacher time, this is usually difficult. To solve this problem, it has been argued that interactive multimedia can facilitate individualized instructions to students, and can help those who find it hard to learn by conventional means. This has effectively been used to teach other subjects, including mathematics. The performance of learning is influenced by the interaction between ones cognitive style and the instructional materials used, including the content type and mode of presentation. Adopting methods which suit the students specific learning styles helps the students acquire a positive attitude toward the taught subject, thereby improving performance (Burke and Dunn, 2003; Ford and Chen, 2001). The success of a teacher is measured by his/her ability to engage the students in the learning process in a way that excites and encourages them to be curious for learning. When students take active part in constructing new ideas from their experiences, interpretations and interactions with teachers and peers they easily acquire expert understanding of concepts of mathematics and science. Although it is hard to pinpoint a particular multimedia and technology as the best for teaching Mathematics and Science, as these tools do complement each other, the key characteristic(s) of the tools used must be their ability to facilitate interactive learning. This involves project based learning (providing in-depth insight into mathematics and science and facilitates critical thinking); solving real-world problems (facilitates investigative processing of information for finding solutions to problems through discrepant events/experiments and case studies in math). In Mathematics, some of this interactive multimedia includes application packages such as search engines (internet), word processing packages, presentation software, spreadsheets, drill-and-practice software. Other programs such as simulation programs, Java applets, et cetera. In science, theses include the use of technology tools such as models of scientific processes such as protein folding, simulations and virtual labs, video conferencing, e mail and other collaborative tools. Some of these integrative multimedia and technology include; a) Podcasting. Today, students daily use Podcast tools: smart phones, ipods, etc. Integrating these tools in teaching math and science will facilitate using digital devices for mobile and/or student learning. b) Online tools. These tools provide great advantages to math and science teachers as they help the students acquire and further their knowledge through Web 2.0 tools. They facilitate learning by and interaction between students through language skills, inquiring, investigating, hypothesizing, theorizing and efforts to explain findings. c) Modeling and Simulations tools. These facilitate viewing real-world processes and stimulate further understanding. These include; i. MathMol (for molecular modeling). ii. YASARA (a windows program for simulation and modeling, molecular graphics). d) Interactive whiteboard are portable, easy to install, and can work on literally any flat surface. This facilitates easy updating and utilization of existing equipment at low costs. Teacher Competencies The key to helping and guiding students through proper acquisition of technology knowledge is the classroom teacher. It is the teacher who establishes the right classroom setting and prepares the opportunities that facilitate the students utilization of technology in learning, as well as communicating (UNESCO, 2008). It is therefore of key importance that the classroom teachers are well prepared and equipped with the skills through which to provide the right opportunities for their students. In 2008, the United Nations Educational, Science and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) published ICT Competency Standards for Teachers. In this publication, UNESCO sought to provide a working curriculum framework. This framework set out to; a) Address the underlying Policy Framework, (UNESCO, 2008) b) Examine educational reform components. c) Develop a matrix of skill modules for teachers which correspond to various approaches of policy and components of education reform, (UNESCO, 2008). d) Describe in detail the specific skills that teachers would be needed to acquire within each skill module. The Curriculum Framework This framework is divided into three main levels of education reform, which are based on the development of human capacity: technology literacy, deepening of knowledge and the creation of knowledge. Each of these levels is discussed under the six major components of a sound educational system: policy, pedagogy, curriculum, organization, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and teacher training (UNESCO, 2008). a) Technology Literacy. Teachers must have basic digital literacy skills and be able to select and appropriately use educational tutorials, drill-and-practice, web content and games in computer labs or with only limited classroom resources in order to complement the objectives of standard curriculum, approaches to assessment, unit plans and deducting methods of teaching, (UNESCO, 2008). The teachers must also be aware of the policy objectives and goals of technology literacy. They should in-turn be able to identify the corresponding components of education reform policies/ programs. b) Knowledge Deepening. Here, teachers are expected to be able to manage information, to structure problem-solving tasks, and integrate software tools and subject-specific tasks by using student-centered methods of teaching and projects in which students collaborate in order to facilitate their in-depth understanding of principle concepts and applications to solving real-world problems. (UNESCO, 2008). c) Knowledge Creation. The purpose of this policy is to increase productivity by providing technology knowledge to students, and ultimately a workforce that is perpetually engaged in creation and innovation of knowledge from which they all can benefit. Teachers should take the first strides by creating/designing new ICT-based resources for learning; to facilitate knowledge creation and skills for critical thinking by designing appropriate and relevant classroom activities that facilitate the achievement of these goals. Examples of Best Practices Best practices refer to the multimedia actions undertaken by individuals in mathematics, science or technological fields that enhance good moral values to the individuals practicing them. In this case, we examine two major examples of best practices that are special to both mathematics and science fields. These include the technology and multiple intelligences employed in logical or mathematics. Technology and Multiple Intelligence used in Logical or Mathematics The number smart individuals learn using numbers, reasoning and problem solving. Through the implementation of multimedia in multiple Intelligence, the students and other people are able to establish and operate visuals and develop mental images from many perspectives. The technology involved at this point is the use of computers and videos (Burke and Dunn, 2003; Ford and Chen, 2001). Therefore, the students are able to measure, weight, calculate and organize data in mathematical problems. The multiple intelligence through the influence of multimedia, in this, the computer, gives the students the opportunity to develop or operate data they find in the internet. This also applies when these students are provided with the video camera to record their scientific experiment (David, -2011). This is an example of the best practice in mathematics field that promotes good values to the students because it makes the students to enjoy what they are doing especially in data collection, carrying out experiments and solving problems. Through the use of computers as a multimedia practice, the students are create, databases, spreadsheets, charts, and more other data organization and project calculations that are a contribution to a group. The following diagram illustrates a student using computers to solve mathematical problem. Through this practice, the students take pleasure in problem solving, predicting, measuring, experimenting, preedicting, classifying and collection of data in research projects. I like this value because it helps the students perform excellently in their academics. Therefore, the teachers are advised to employ this system to the students and encourage them to employ other intelligences in the data sharing like creating an analogy or debating an issue. Some of the technology tools employed includes the following (Burke and Dunn, 2003; Ford and Chen, 2001). The calculation tool (spreadsheet), multimedia authoring that shows results and animates (hyperstudio), scientific equipments, graphing calculators and software, video tape for experiments, demonstrations and data gathering among other tools. Link: http://eduscapes.com/tap/topic68c.htm Employing Multimedia in Personal Development Plan When planning for the personal development strategy, I bare in mind Winston Churchills quote, He who fails to plan, is planning to fail. According to several researches, writing down your personal goals has several advantages in measuring effect and raising the likelihood to succeed. There are three main reasons I had to develop my personal plan with the help of multimedia. Clarity this is where I am able to recognize what am doing and try to accomplish it thus giving me a clear picture of what Im working on. Define the why most of the time, I will come across certain situation and tasks along the way that I will not enjoy to do. The only thing that will motivate me to do it is when I define why I am doing it and I will be able to get focused. Through the multimedia and the internet, I am able to acquire inspirational development quotes that will keep me moving. My compass because I am a very ambitious and driven person, I just have to plan what I am trying to achieve in order to remain focused on my target or direction. This will keep me headed towards reaching my goals. After understanding, the three main factors that make me plan, I now move ahead to plan what I have to achieve during my course (David, 2011). These include; Establishing competency Managing emotions Attaining autonomy and interdependence Establishing mature interpersonal relationships Developing integrity Developing purpose I am sure with the help of multimedia like the video tapes, documentaries, and special inspirational quotes I will make it. Link: http://sidsavara.com/personal-development/personal-development-plan Future In order to lay down the long-term goals or dreams, I must be sure with what I want to be in life. This is what will guide me to establish the long-term goals. Just as we know, success needs well calculated goal (Dave, 1999). For example, if I plan to be an engineer in future, I must lay down the short-term goals of working hard and passing in the necessary subjects that will enable me to pursue engineering. This means that goal calculation is not dreaming, it is all about passion and hard work. Through employing computers and iphones or ipads, I am able to be updated on all the details entailed in engineering course and through inspirational quotes by some engineers on the internet, I am able to remain focused and be able to achieve what I want in life (Burke and Dunn, 2003; Ford and Chen, 2001). This also includes, having role models or mentors in life that we admire that we may strive to reach where they are. The best way I have to go about it is by writing down what I want, and w rite down how I plan to get there. This will help me meet my purpose in life. Therefore, in order to achieve my future plans, I have to pay attention to the following steps. My purpose in life- what exactly I want in life My dreams these are the long term goals that inspire me to accomplish my short term goals My believes and values what I stand for is final and possibly what I wish my actions showed me to remain focused to My ideal self having a clear description of the person I want to be; how I live, how I relate, associate with friends, how I act and react to situations and maybe how I respond to criticism. This is what will keep me moving towards my dream (David, 2011) Mistakes and lessons- how I tackle my mistakes and how I will avoid their reoccurrence. The lessons I learn through my mistakes and other peoples mistakes. All these I write down because there are a lot that people learn from their experiences and from other peoples. Success and milestones- the way I identify and try to mend my mistakes is the same way I celebrate my successes. This is where multiple intelligence and technology is highly required. Mathematical concepts are very hard and failing them means failing to meet my dream (Chong, Sharaf Jacob, 2005). Therefore, I have to employ the multimedia system in classroom concepts in order to reach my long-term goals. Sciences also play a major role because science and technology are consistent and their innovations are alike. All of them attempt s to modify the world and make our lives easier. Since the engineering field involves machines and very complicated technological equipments, I must employ the use of multimedia like viewing engineering movies, machines in the internet and machines available in companies in order to keep myself updated with the course (Burke and Dunn, 2003; Ford and Chen, 2001). For example, see the following diagram showing technological machines in a company and how complicated they are! Buy custom Multimedia in Science & Mathematics Education essay

Biomolecular techniques (bitter taste perception of Research Paper - 1

Biomolecular techniques (bitter taste perception of phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) - Research Paper Example The project was done to determine the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of students, and the results that were obtained were matched to those of European and Sub-Saharan cohorts. It was found allele combination of homozygous tasters, heterozygous tasters, and homozygous non-tasters were similar to those of the European cohort. This implied that the experiment was largely successful and accurate for the determination of phenotypes and genotypes of the PTC gene. The results can be used in making informed decisions with regard to dietary intake of foods rich in anti-oxidants, in planning of alternative nutrient rich meals for children that are sensitive tasters and finally it can be used by clinicians in the treatment plan of cancer or cardiovascular complications patients. Every individual is different from another, and this is attributed to their genetic make-up. The sense of taste also varies between different categories of people where, for example, some people can sense the taste of some chemicals while others are not able to. One such chemical is phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) or phenylthiourea an organic compound that tastes very bitter to some people while others are unable to taste it at all. Studies done in the past have indicated that polymorphisms in sensory receptor genes in humans can alter the perception in individuals through the coding for receptor types that are functionally distinct (Bufe et al., 2005). The ability of an individual to taste PTC depends primarily on their genetic makeup and is controlled by the PTC gene known as the TASR238 taste receptor gene, located on the chromosome 7 (7q34) and is about 1003 bp long. There are three coding SNPs that are non-synonymous within the taster TAS2R38 gene which are: rs713598–G145C, Ala49Pro; rs1726866–T785C, Val262Ala; rs10246939 – A886G, Ile296Val, and are responsible several haplotypes (Kim, et al 2005; Bufe , 2005). PTC sensitivity is a Mendelian

Purchasing and Supply Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Purchasing and Supply - Essay Example This paper explores purchasing and supply at Wal-Mart stores. Effective supply and purchasing management plays a crucial role in ensuring organizational success. The Line of Business, Mission, and Goals of the Organization Wal-Mart is a multinational corporation that operates in the retail industry. The mission statement of the company is "Saving people money so they can live better"(Pradhan, 2007, P. 111). However, the company does not have a written vision, but relies on five fundamental values to guide its operations. These values include integrity, opportunity, purpose, family and community as well as accountability. Integrity focuses on doing things in the right way. Opportunity as a core value is oriented towards employee growth and development. The company engages in different ways to improve living standards in communities in which it operates and makes its customers to feel part of it. Purpose as a core value of the company enables it to focus on supplying customers with che ap, but quality products while demonstrating responsibility, which is the fifth fundamental value that guides the operations of the company. The Description of Job Functions and Job Responsibilities, Educational Background, Professional Experiences, Personal Challenges, Job Achievement, and Fulfillment The respondent in the interview was a replenishment manager, consumer healthcare at Wal-Mart. From the information obtained from the interview, his job responsibilities include creation of customer level forecast and to partner with customers in the development of an established customer level projection, scrutinizes inventory levels and the movement of products at customer level, creates relevant analyses for probable returns or cost-saving prospects resulting from replenishment strategies. The replenishment leader also shares forecast information with sales team to help them review forecasts, strategies, promotions as well as other necessary information. He is charged with the respo nsibility of developing general customer level inventory planning and also partners with clients to perform in accordance with the strategy. He is also supposed to portray effective use of inventory within customer supply chain. He reports frequently on a scorecard based on agreed metrics and implements action plans to ensure improvement in areas that need to be improved. He co-operates with the Replenishment CEO to craft techniques and processes aimed at improving forecasting and replenishment process. He provides replenishment input into the Headquarter regarding supply and operation process as may be necessary. Finally, he is expected to assume any other responsibility and reporting that may support the business as may be demanded by the top management. The respondent revealed to be a holder of Master degree in business logistic with seven years of experience of supply chain management. He is also proficient with relevant computer skills such as excel, word as well as some applic ation software for supply logistic management. The greatest job achievement discovered in the interview was gaining experience on how to develop effective supply and logistic strategies at customer level. Some of the main challenges mentioned include the expanding scope of customer needs, insufficient funds to support all the requirements of the department and the complexity of the supply chain. The Operational and Strategic Objectives of the Supply and Purchasing

Causes, Effects And Solutions to Global Warming Essay

Causes, Effects And Solutions to Global Warming Essay Introduction What is global warming? Global warming is the average temperature of Earth has increases since 1950 until now the temperature continuing increasing. Global warming can also refers to climate change that causes an increase in the average of temperature. However global warming are causes by natural events and human that are believed to be contribute to increase in average temperatures. Causes of Global Warming Global warming is a serious issue and is not a single issue but a number of environmental issues. Global warming is a rise in the surface temperature of the earth that has changed various life forms on the earth. The issues that cause global warming are divided into two categories include natural and human influences of global warming. Natural Causes of Global Warming The climate has continuously changing for centuries. The global warming happens because the natural rotation of the sun that changes the intensity of sunlight and moving closer to the earth. Another cause of global warming is greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide it trap the solar heats rays and prevent it from escaping from the surface of the earth. This has cause the temperature of the earth increase. Volcanic eruptions are another issue that causes global warming. For instance, a single volcanic eruption will release amount of carbon dioxide and ash to the atmosphere. Once carbon dioxide increase, the temperature of earth increase and greenhouse trap the solar radiations in the earth. Finally, methane is another issue that causes global warming. Methane is also a greenhouse gas. Methane is more effective in trapping heat in the atmosphere that carbon dioxide by 20 times. Usually methane gas can release from many areas. For instance, it can be from cattle, landfill, natural gas, petroleum systems, coal mining, mobile explosion, or industrial waste process. Human Influences on Global Warming Human influence has been a very serious issue now because human do not take care the earth. Human that cause global warming are more than natural causes global warming. The earth has been changing for many years until now it is still changing because of modern lifestyle of human. Human activities include industrial production, burning fossil fuel, mining, cattle rearing or deforestation. First issue is industrial revolution. Industrial have been using fossil fuels for power machines. Everything that we use is involved in fossil fuel. For example, when we buy a mobile phone, the process of making mobile phone have involve machines and machines uses fossil fuels, during the process carbon dioxide is releasing to the atmosphere. Besides industrial, transportation such as cars is also releasing carbon dioxide from exhaust. Another issue is mining. During the process of mining, the methane will trap below the earth. Besides, rearing cattle will also cause methane because cattle released the form of manure. However, cattle is important because it make the latter equally responsible for the occurrence of global warming Next is the most common issue that is deforestation. Deforestation is a human influence because human have been cutting down trees to produce papers, wood, build houses or more. If human continuing deforestation, carbon dioxide will concentrate in the atmosphere because trees can absorb carbon dioxide from atmosphere. Besides, human also release carbon dioxide when breathe. Therefore the amounts of millions of people breath have release carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. If human continue deforestation, human breathing that release carbon dioxide will stay at the atmosphere. The Effect of Global Warming The greenhouse gases will stay in the atmosphere for many years since hundreds years ago. However, the effect that global warming will cause on earth are extremely serious. There are many effects that will happen in the future if global warming continues. That includes polar ice caps melting, economic consequences, warmer waters and more hurricanes, spread of diseases and earthquake First effect is polar ice caps melting. As the temperature increase, the ice at the North Pole will melt. Once the ice melt the first effect will be raise on sea levels because the melting glaciers become oceans. According to the National Snow and Ice Data Center if the ice melted today the seas would rise about 230 feet. It affects many low lying areas such as the Netherlands. In future, the Netherlands will be cover by water once the North Pole is melted. However, it is not going to happen so fast but the sea level will continue rise. Another effect is the species loss of habitat. Species that include polar bears and tropical frogs will be extinct due to climate change. Besides, various birds will migrate to other places because animals are not like humans. They cannot adapt the habitat that changes their living or temperature. Next effect is more hurricanes will occur and economic consequences still affect as well. Hurricane causes damage to houses and government need to spend billions of dollars in damage and people need places to stay or have been killed. Once a disaster happens many people have died and diseases happen. Diseases are more serious because it can spread to other people very fast and more people will get the disease and the disease maybe come more serious because of different weather. Solution to Stop Global Warming Now there are solutions that we can stop global warming. However we human and governments need to move forward to implement the global warming solutions. To reduce global warming we can do to reduce the contribution of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Therefore, the solutions that we can reduce global warming are reducing gasoline, electricity and our activities that cause global warming. To reduce gasoline mean we have a choice to choose a hybrid car that reduce using gasoline. Besides, petrol price are increasing. If a person everyday drives to work they need to pump petrol after 3 days and causes carbon dioxide. Another way to reduce gasoline is take public transport or carpool to work. It can help reduce carbon dioxide and save cost. Another way to reduce global warming is recycle. Recycle can reduce garbage by reusing plastic bags, bottles, papers or glass. For instance, when we buy foods, we can use our own containers instead of plastic bags. Another example is after finish drinking the water from the bottle; we can reuse it or use our own bottle. If all this is being reuse, human can reduce deforestation and help save environment. Besides, turn off electricity if unused. It can save thousands of carbon dioxide and buy product that have energy saving because it saves cost and save environment. Finally, human should stop open burning such as burning dry leafs or burning garbage. It will release carbon dioxide and toxic if burning garbage with plastic. Besides, government should reduce deforestation because the earth temperatures are increasing. Trees will help to improve the temperature on earth. Conclusion Overall of this assignment, I have understood that our earth is sick. We humans need to heal the earth. Global Warming have causes many problem for human but we human who make global warming happens. Many people have died because of disease or disaster. It also affects the economics of the country. However, we need to be reduce the global warming by using less gasoline, recycle and human should help to reduce global warming instead of making the earth temperature increased. Our generation should start taking care of the earth because in the next generation they will suffer if we do not do reduce global warming. Therefore, global warming is a serious issue now. As a business student we are learning it because we need to understand the effect of climate change that will affect us when we have our business and we can start saving the earth.

Identify the Different Reasons People Communicate

I am of the opinion that as a child practitioner an essential part of our work role will involve actively seeking to evolve and where apt build relationships. Consequently having a significant impact on children and young people’s lives. As quoted, (Children and young peoples workforce, early and child care book 2010) there are a number of reasons why people communicate which are to:Build relationshipsThe ability to effectively communicate with a wide range of people is a vital factor in working towards building relationships that may flourish and enable the gaining of confidence and trust. For example in working with some young children who may have difficulty expressing themselves, an array of emotions could be displayed, i. e. Frustration, aggression, anxiety and withdrawal. As a practitioner, it would therefore be important to be patient, approachable, non judgmental and a good listener. It is also good to be creative in terms of engagement recognising the different needs of young people.Maintaining relationshipsI am of a view that open communication and a positive attitude can support the maintenance of relationships. I feel it is therefore important to assess your own attitudes and values to ensure this doesn’t impact on others, hence have a willingness to challenge any arising issues in a professional manner. Conflict may arise in a working relationship. It would be important to be sensitive and allow feelings to be aired, but actively seek where apt to resolve a situation instead of dwelling on the issue.Gain and share informationWorking in partnership with young people, families, work colleagues and professional bodies is the foundation for enabling effective service delivery. The gaining and sharing of information where appropriate enables the identification of need and appropriate support. I. e. Child protection issue, discussed on a need to know basis, the aim being to protect the safety and well being of the child.Gain reassurance and acknowledgementIt is important to have an awareness of others and the different ways you can provide support. I. e. praising a child or your colleague , being a listening ear, giving constructive feedback and being approachable. This stance can elevate confidence and vision. Express needs and feelings It is important for young people and colleagues feel that they can express their needs and feelings without being judged or discriminated against. Consequently I feel it is important for a practitioner where appropriate to put aside their personal judgements to facilitate others and provide them with an opportunity to be heard and supported. For example this stance can allow others to find their voice and raise self esteem.Share ideas and thoughtsI am of an opinion that sharing ideas and thoughts is an essential part of communication. It can foster a better understanding of each other and issues promoting respect, confidence and new approaches. In working in a team or with young people it can enable the forming of new relationships creating better working practices and pro change and more productive outcomes. 1. 2 Explain how communication affects relationships in the work setting In order for communication to be effective within a work setting it is essential to establish and sustain good relationships with a diverse range of people and agencies. Within a work setting, poor communication can lead to a number of factors, i. . low moral, mistrust, anger, anxiety and isolation. If communication issues are not resolved outcomes can be absences, high staff turnover, and ineffective service delivery, which impacts on the service users. It is imperative to keep the lines of communication open to build strong relations. Awareness of your body language, tone of voice, proximity, cultural differences, individual needs and being non judgmental can foster good relationships. Accordingly in working with colleagues regular supervision/team meetings and training can promote understanding and better work ethics. In working with children and young people it is important to be able to engage with them (as outlined in unit 1. 2). During the settling in and transitioning period great consideration needs to be given to identify any barriers to communication and plan appropriate support for themselves and parents. I. e. key working, ESOL identifying any internal or external resources that may be applicable. I am of the belief that taking such steps to improve working practices can make children, young people and their parents feel that they have been heard and supported.

Andok’s Litson

Andoks Litson is a major brand of specially roasted chicken in Philippines. The major products they sell are the Litson Manok which is a roasted variety of chicken and also the Dokito Frito which is a fried variety of chicken. The chicken is prepared adding a lot of other ingredients which are not the typical ones used in the common preparation. Some of the ingredients that are used include sugar, spice, rice, various beverages etc. They also sell a variety of pork dishes like the litson liempo, lechon kawali, pork sisig, pork barbeque etc. Beef dishes like beef steak rice and corned beef egg rice, fish dishes like bangus and bangus rice, exclusive egg dishes and desserts are also available at the Andoks Litson outlet. Andoks Litson started picking up its name from 1985 from when a small shop was opened in Baler Street. Now, the outlets are more than 300 in number and are located across the nation. In a couple of years from 1985 when it all began, the company opened around 11 of its outlets around the area and in less than 20 years, they opened more than a few hundreds of its outlets and many of them are located in the top malls of the country. Now the company is looking forward to open new outlets across the world. The targets of the company in years to come itself are appreciable. Their prior aim is to be known as the best native food company that gets an international recognition at the same time. They want to be innovative with the way they go about cooking and also wants to provide the best customer care. They also want to make the world aware of the delicious cooking style of Philippino that can even attract the tourists. They also allow individuals to start a Franchise by which they mean they get access to use the standard logo and other trademark symbols. They always get updated about the working and also they get all the help in order to open the new store. The advertising and others are all managed by the company and they also give training to the employee. They also give a subsidy on the raw materials that they use for the preparation. There are 2 different options available for being a franchise. One is for an outlet which takes around 500,000 pesos and the other is for an outlet with a dine-in facility. This one may cost around 300,000 pesos. This does not include furnishings, devices to cook and others. The tenure of each agreement is for about 3-5 years and then it can be renewed. Andoks Litson guarantees its customers satisfaction to the best of their abilities. Andoks Litson is a major brand of specially roasted chicken in Philippines. The major products they sell are the Litson Manok which is a roasted variety of chicken and also the Dokito Frito which is a fried variety of chicken. The chicken is prepared adding a lot of other ingredients which are not the typical ones used in the common preparation. Some of the ingredients that are used include sugar, spice, rice, various beverages etc. They also sell a variety of pork dishes like the litson liempo, lechon kawali, pork sisig, pork barbeque etc. Beef dishes like beef steak rice and corned beef egg rice, fish dishes like bangus and bangus rice, exclusive egg dishes and desserts are also available at the Andoks Litson outlet. Andoks Litson started picking up its name from 1985 from when a small shop was opened in Baler Street. Now, the outlets are more than 300 in number and are located across the nation. In a couple of years from 1985 when it all began, the company opened around 11 of its outlets around the area and in less than 20 years, they opened more than a few hundreds of its outlets and many of them are located in the top malls of the country. Now the company is looking forward to open new outlets across the world. The targets of the company in years to come itself are appreciable. Their prior aim is to be known as the best native food company that gets an international recognition at the same time. They want to be innovative with the way they go about cooking and also wants to provide the best customer care. They also want to make the world aware of the delicious cooking style of Philippino that can even attract the tourists. They also allow individuals to start a Franchise by which they mean they get access to use the standard logo and other trademark symbols. They always get updated about the working and also they get all the help in order to open the new store. The advertising and others are all managed by the company and they also give training to the employee. They also give a subsidy on the raw materials that they use for the preparation. There are 2 different options available for being a franchise. One is for an outlet which takes around 500,000 pesos and the other is for an outlet with a dine-in facility. This one may cost around 300,000 pesos. This does not include furnishings, devices to cook and others. The tenure of each agreement is for about 3-5 years and then it can be renewed. Andoks Litson guarantees its customers satisfaction to the best of their abilities.

Average College GPA by Major and School Type

Grade point average, or GPA, is a single number that represents the average of every letter grade you earn in college. GPA is calculated by converting letter grades to a standard grade-point scale, which ranges from 0 to 4.0.   Every university treats GPA a little differently.   What is considered a high GPA at one college might be considered average at another. How Is  GPA Calculated in College? Unlike most high school grading scales, college grades are not weighted according to the difficulty level of individual courses. Rather, colleges and universities use a standard conversion chart to convert letter grades to grade-point numbers, then add â€Å"weight† based on the credit hours associated with each course. The following  chart represents a typical letter grade/GPA conversion system: Letter Grade GPA A+/A 4.00 A- 3.67 B+ 3.33 B 3.00 B- 2.67 C+ 2.33 C 2.00 C- 1.67 D+ 1.33 D 1.00 D- 0.67 F 0.00 To calculate your GPA for one semester, first convert each of your letter grades from that semester to the corresponding grade-point values (between 0 and 4.0), then add them up. Next, add up the number of credits you earned in each course that semester. Finally, divide the total number of grade points by the  total number of  course credits. This calculation results in a single number—your GPA—that represents your academic standing in a given semester. To find your GPA over a longer period, just add more grades and course credits into the mix. Keep in mind that the letter grade/grade-point conversion  varies slightly across institutions. For example, some schools round grade-point numbers to a single decimal place. Others distinguish between the grade-point value of an A and an A, such as Columbia, where an A is worth 4.3 grade points. Check your university’s grading policies for specific details about calculating your GPA, then try crunching the numbers yourself using an online GPA calculator. Average College GPA by Major Wondering how your GPA stacks up against other students in your major? The most comprehensive study on average GPA by major comes from Kevin Rask, a professor at Wake Forest University, who examined GPA at an unnamed liberal arts college in the northeast. While Rask’s findings reflect only the academic performance of students at a single university, his research provides a granular GPA breakdown not often shared by individual institutions. 5 Majors with the Lowest Grade Point Averages Chemistry 2.78 Math 2.90 Economics 2.95 Psychology 2.78 Biology 3.02 5 Majors with the Highest Grade Point Averages Education 3.36 Language 3.34 English 3.33 Music 3.30 Religion 3.22 These numbers are influenced by a host of university-specific factors. After all, every college and university has its own most- and least-challenging courses and departments. However, Rask’s findings align with a common refrain on many U.S. college campuses: STEM majors, on average, tend to maintain lower GPAs than humanities and social science majors. One potential explanation for this trend is  the grading process itself. STEM courses employ formulaic grading policies based on test and quiz scores. Answers are either right or wrong. In humanities and social science courses, on the other hand, grades are based primarily on essays and other writing projects. These open-ended assignments, graded subjectively, are generally kinder to students’ GPAs. Average College GPA by School Type While many schools do not publish GPA-related statistics, research by Dr. Stuart Rojstaczer provides insight into average GPAs from a sampling of universities across the United States.  The following data, gathered by Rojstaczer in his studies on grade inflation, reflect  average GPAs across a variety of institutions over the last decade. Ivy League Universities Harvard University 3.65 Yale University 3.51 Princeton University 3.39 University of Pennsylvania 3.44 Columbia University 3.45 Cornell University 3.36 Dartmouth University 3.46 Brown University 3.63 Liberal Arts Colleges Vassar College 3.53 Macalester College 3.40 Columbia College Chicago 3.22 Reed College 3.20 Kenyon College 3.43 Wellesley College 3.37 St. Olaf College 3.42 Middlebury College 3.53 Large Public Universities University of Florida 3.35 Ohio State University 3.17 University of Michigan 3.37 University of California Berkeley 3.29 Pennsylvania State University 3.12 University of Alaska Anchorage 2.93 University of North Carolina Chapel Hill 3.23 University of Virginia 3.32 Over the last 30 years, the average college GPA has risen at every type of college.  However, private schools have seen a greater increase than public schools, which Rojstaczer suggests is the result of rising tuition costs and high-achieving students pressuring professors to give high grades. Individual university grading policies can dramatically affect students’ GPAs. For example, until 2014, Princeton University had a policy of â€Å"grade deflation,†Ã‚  which mandated that, in a given class, a maximum of only 35% of students could receive A grades. At other universities, such as Harvard, an A is the most  commonly awarded grade  on campus, resulting in higher average undergraduate GPAs and a reputation for grade  inflation.   Additional factors, such as student preparedness for college-level work and the influence of graduate teaching assistants in the grading process, also influence each university’s average GPA. Why Is GPA Important? As an underclassman, you may encounter academic programs or majors that accept only students who meet a minimum GPA requirement. Merit scholarships often have similar GPA cut-offs. Once you’ve gained entry into a selective academic program or earned a merit scholarship, you will likely have to maintain a certain GPA  to remain in good standing. A high GPA comes with additional benefits. Academic honor societies such as  Phi Beta Kappa  distribute invitations based on GPA, and on graduation day, Latin honors are awarded to seniors with the highest overall GPAs. On the other hand, a low GPA puts you at risk of  academic probation, which can potentially lead to expulsion. Your college GPA is a long-lasting measure of your academic performance in college.   Many  graduate programs  have  stringent GPA requirements, and employers often consider GPA when evaluating potential hires. Your GPA will remain significant even after graduation day, so it’s important to start keeping track of the number early in your college career. What Is a Good GPA? The minimum GPA required for admission to most graduate programs is between 3.0 and 3.5, so many students aim for a GPA of 3.0 or above. When assessing the strength of your GPA, you should consider the influence of grade inflation or deflation at your school as well as the rigor of your chosen major.  Ã‚   Ultimately, your  GPA represents your personal academic experience. The  best and most valuable way to determine how well you’re doing is to check your course grades regularly and meet with professors to discuss your performance. Commit to improving your grades every semester and you’ll soon send your GPA on an upward trajectory.